Electronic data
Shells: 2, 8, 18, 18
Orbitals: [Kr] 4d10
Electronegativity: 2.2, 1.3
1. Ionization potential: 8.3369 eV
2. Ionization potential: 19.63 eV
3. Ionization potential: 32.93 eV
Oxidation states: 4, 2, 0
Electrical conductivity: 0.0950 10^6
Thermal data
Melting point: 1552 °C
Boiling point: 2940 °C
Specific heat: 0.24 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 17.60 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 357.0 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.718 W/cmK
Steric data
Atomic radius: 1.79 Å
Ionic radius: 0.64 Å (+2)
Covalent radius: 1.28 Å
Atomic volume: 8.9 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 12.02 g/cm³
Crystal structure: cubic face centered
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