Europium

Metal

Symbol: Eu
Atomic number: 63
Atomic mass: 151.965
Group: Lanthanide
CAS-number: 7440-53-1

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Electronic data

Shells: 2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2
Orbitals: [Xe] 4f⁷ 6s²
Electronegativity: --, 1.0
1. Ionization potential: 5.6704 eV
2. Ionization potential: 11.245 eV
3. Ionization potential: 24.926 eV
Oxidation states: 3, 2
Electrical conductivity: 0.0112 10^6

Thermal data

Melting point: 822 °C
Boiling point: 1527 °C
Specific heat: 0.18 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 9.210 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 143.50 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.139 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 2.56 Å
Ionic radius: 1.07 Å (+3)
Covalent radius: 1.85 Å
Atomic volume: 28.9 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 5.259 g/cm³
Crystal structure: cubic body centered

Nuclide	Abundance [%]	Mass	Spin	Halflife	Decay mode	Decay tree
¹⁴⁸Eu	0	148	5	54.5d	EC, β+	View
¹⁴⁹Eu	0	149	5/2	93.1d	EC	View
¹⁵⁰Eu	0	150	5	36y	EC	View
¹⁵¹Eu	47.82	150.92	5/2	--	--
¹⁵²Eu	0	152	3	13.48y	EC, β+, β-	View
¹⁵²Eum	0	152	0	9.29h	β-, EC, β+	View
¹⁵³Eu	52.18	152.921	5/2	--	--
¹⁵⁴Eu	0	154	3	8.59y	β-, EC	View
¹⁵⁵Eu	0	155	5/2	4.71y	β-	View
¹⁵⁶Eu	0	156	0	15.2d	β-	View

Name origin:	Named for the continent of Europe.
Description:	Soft, silvery-white metal.
Discovered by:	Eugène Demarçay
Year:	1901
Place:	France
Sources:	Obtained from monazite sand, which is a mixture of phosphates of calcium, thorium, cerium, and most other rare earths.
Use(s):	Used with yttrium oxide to make red phosphors for color CRT televisions.

Europium

Physical data

Electronic data

Thermal data

Steric data

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