Electronic data
Shells: 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Orbitals: [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Electronegativity: --, 1.1
1. Ionization potential: 6.1500 eV
2. Ionization potential: 12.095 eV
3. Ionization potential: 20.635 eV
Oxidation states: 3
Electrical conductivity: 0.00736 10^6
Thermal data
Melting point: 1313 °C
Boiling point: 3273 °C
Specific heat: 0.23 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 10.050 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 359.40 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.106 W/cmK
Steric data
Atomic radius: 2.54 Å
Ionic radius: 1.05 Å (+3)
Covalent radius: 1.61 Å
Atomic volume: 19.9 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 7.895 g/cm³
Crystal structure: hexagonal
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