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Yttrium

Metalsolid
Symbol: Y
Atomic number: 39
Atomic mass: 88.90585
Group: Transition Metal
CAS-number: 7440-65-5

Physical data
Isotopes
Other info
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Physical data

Electronic data

Shells: 2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Orbitals: [Kr] 4d1 5s2
Electronegativity: 1.2, 1.1
1. Ionization potential: 6.217 eV
2. Ionization potential: 12.24 eV
3. Ionization potential: 20.52 eV
Oxidation states: 3
Electrical conductivity: 0.0166 10^6

Thermal data

Melting point: 1522 °C ±8
Boiling point: 3338 °C
Specific heat: 0.30 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 11.40 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 363.0 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.172 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 2.27 Å
Ionic radius: 1.02 Å (+3)
Covalent radius: 1.62 Å
Atomic volume: 19.8 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 4.47 g/cm³
Crystal structure: hexagonal
hexagonal

Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
86Y 0 86 4 14.74h EC, β+ View
87Y 0 86.911 1/2 3.35d EC, β+ View
88Y 0 87.91 4 106.6d EC, β+ View
89Y 100 88.9058 1/2 -- --
89Ym 0 89 0 15.7s IT View
90Y 0 90 2 2.67d β- View
90Ym 0 90 7 3.19h IT View
91Y 0 90.907 1/2 58.51d β- View
91Ym 0 91 9/2 49.71m IT View
92Y 0 92 2 3.54h β- View
93Y 0 93 1/2 10.2h β- View

Other info

Name origin:From the Swedish village, Ytterby, where one of its minerals was first found
Description:Silvery, ductile, fairly reactive metal.
Discovered by:Johann Gadolin
Year:1789
Place:Finland
Sources:Found in minerals such as monazite, xenotime, and yttria.
Use(s):Combined with europium to make red phosphors for color CRT TV's. Yttrium oxide and iron oxide combine to form a crystal garnet used in radar.