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Tin

Metalsolid
Symbol: Sn
Atomic number: 50
Atomic mass: 118.710
Group: Metal
CAS-number: 7440-31-5

Physical data
Isotopes
Other info
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Physical data

Electronic data

Shells: 2, 8, 18, 18, 4
Orbitals: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Electronegativity: 1.8, 1.7
1. Ionization potential: 7.3438 eV
2. Ionization potential: 14.632 eV
3. Ionization potential: 30.502 eV
Oxidation states: 4, 2
Electrical conductivity: 0.0917 10^6

Thermal data

Melting point: 231.97 °C
Boiling point: 2602 °C
Specific heat: 0.227 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 7.029 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 295.80 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.666 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 1.72 Å
Ionic radius: 0.71 Å (+4)
Covalent radius: 1.41 Å
Atomic volume: 16.3 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 7.30 g/cm³
Crystal structure: tetragonal
tetragonal

Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
112Sn 0.96 111.905 0 -- --
113Sn 0 113 1/2 115.1d EC View
114Sn 0.66 113.903 0 -- --
115Sn 0.35 114.903 1/2 -- --
116Sn 14.3 115.902 0 -- --
117Sn 7.61 116.903 1/2 -- --
117Snm 0 117 11/2 13.60d IT View
118Sn 24.03 117.902 0 -- --
119Sn 8.58 118.903 1/2 -- --
119Snm 0 119 11/2 293d IT View
120Sn 32.85 119.902 0 -- --
121Sn 0 121 3/2 1.128d β- View
121Snm 0 121 11/2 ~55y IT, β- View
122Sn 4.72 121.903 0 -- --
123Sn 0 123 11/2 129.2d β- View
123Snm 0 123 3/2 40.1m β- View
124Sn 5.94 123.905 0 -- --
125Sn 0 125 11/2 9.63d β- View
125Snm 0 125 3/2 9.5m β- View
126Sn 0 126 0 ~1E05y β- View

Other info

Name origin:Named after Etruscan god, Tinia; symbol from Latin: stannum (tin).
Description:Silvery-white, soft, malleable and ductile metal.
Discovered by:Known to the ancients
Year:--
Place:Unknown
Sources:Principally found in the ore cassiterite(SnO2) and stannine (Cu2FeSnS4).
Use(s):Used as a coating for steel cans since it is nontoxic and noncorrosive. Also in solder (33% Sn : 67% Pb), bronze (20%Sn:80%Cu), and pewter. Stannous fluoride (SnF2), a compound of tin and fluorine is used in some toothpaste.