Sulfur

Non-Metal

Symbol: S
Atomic number: 16
Atomic mass: 32.066
Group: Non-Metal
CAS-number: 7704-34-9

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Electronic data

Shells: 2, 8, 6
Orbitals: [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴
Electronegativity: 2.5, 2.4
1. Ionization potential: 10.3600 eV
2. Ionization potential: 23.33 eV
3. Ionization potential: 34.83 eV
Oxidation states: 6, 4, 2, -2
Electrical conductivity: 0.5e-23 10^6

Thermal data

Melting point: 115.21 °C
Boiling point: 444.6 °C
Specific heat: 0.71 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 1.7175 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: -- kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.00269 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 1.09 Å
Ionic radius: 0.29 Å (+6)
Covalent radius: 1.02 Å
Atomic volume: 15.5 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 2.07 g/cm³
Crystal structure: orthorhombic

Nuclide	Abundance [%]	Mass	Spin	Halflife	Decay mode	Decay tree
³²S	95.02	31.9721	0	--	--
³³S	0.76	32.9714	3/2	--	--
³⁴S	4.22	33.9679	0	--	--
³⁵S	0	34.969	3/2	87.2d	β-	View
³⁶S	0.014	35.9671	0	--	--

Name origin:	Latin: sulphur (brimstone)
Description:	Tasteless, odorless, pale yellow, brittle solid. Tenth most abundant element in the universe.
Discovered by:	Known to the ancients
Year:	--
Place:	Unknown
Sources:	Found in pure form and in ores like cinnabar, galena, sphalerite and stibnite. Pure form is obtained from undergound deposits by the Frasch process.
Use(s):	Used in matches, gunpowder, medicines, rubber and pesticides, dyes and insecticides. Also for making sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).

Sulfur

Physical data

Electronic data

Thermal data

Steric data

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