Sodium

Metal

Symbol: Na
Atomic number: 11
Atomic mass: 22.989768
Group: Alkali Metal
CAS-number: 7440-23-5

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Electronic data

Shells: 2, 8, 1
Orbitals: [Ne] 3s¹
Electronegativity: 0.9, 1.0
1. Ionization potential: 5.1391 eV
2. Ionization potential: 47.286 eV
3. Ionization potential: 71.641 eV
Oxidation states: 1
Electrical conductivity: 0.210 10^6

Thermal data

Melting point: 97.81 °C
Boiling point: 882.9 °C
Specific heat: 1.23 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 2.598 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 96.960 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 1.41 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 2.23 Å
Ionic radius: 1.02 Å (+1)
Covalent radius: 1.54 Å
Atomic volume: 23.7 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 0.971 g/cm³
Crystal structure: cubic body centered

Nuclide	Abundance [%]	Mass	Spin	Halflife	Decay mode	Decay tree
²²Na	0	21.9944	3	2.605y	β+, EC	View
²³Na	100	22.9898	3/2	--	--
²⁴Na	0	23.9909	4	14.96h	β-	View

Name origin:	Medieval Latin: sodanum, (headache remedy); symbol from Latin natrium, (sodium carbonate)
Description:	Soft silvery-white metal. Sixth most abundant element in the earth's crust. Burns in air with a brilliant white flame.
Discovered by:	Sir Humphrey Davy
Year:	1807
Place:	England
Sources:	Obtained by electrolysis of melted sodium chloride (salt), borax and cryolite.
Use(s):	There are few uses for the pure metal, however its compounds are used in medicine, agriculture and photography. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is table salt. Liquid sodium is sometimes used to cool nuclear reactors.

Sodium

Physical data

Electronic data

Thermal data

Steric data

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