Electronic data
Shells: 2, 8, 18, 6
Orbitals: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
Electronegativity: 2.4, 2.5
1. Ionization potential: 9.7524 eV
2. Ionization potential: 21.19 eV
3. Ionization potential: 30.82 eV
Oxidation states: 6, 4, -2
Electrical conductivity: 1.0e-12 10^6
Thermal data
Melting point: 217 °C
Boiling point: 684.9 °C
Specific heat: 0.32 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 6.694 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 37.70 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.0204 W/cmK
Steric data
Atomic radius: 1.22 Å
Ionic radius: 0.50 Å (+4)
Covalent radius: 1.16 Å
Atomic volume: 16.45 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 4.79 g/cm³
Crystal structure: hexagonal
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