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Molybdenum

Metalsolid
Symbol: Mo
Atomic number: 42
Atomic mass: 95.94
Group: Transition Metal
CAS-number: 7439-98-7

Physical data
Isotopes
Other info
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Physical data

Electronic data

Shells: 2, 8, 18, 13, 1
Orbitals: [Kr] 4d5 5s1
Electronegativity: 1.8, 1.3
1. Ionization potential: 7.0924 eV
2. Ionization potential: 16.461 eV
3. Ionization potential: 27.16 eV
Oxidation states: 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 0
Electrical conductivity: 0.187 10^6

Thermal data

Melting point: 2617 °C
Boiling point: 4612 °C
Specific heat: 0.25 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 32.0 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 598.0 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 1.38 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 2.01 Å
Ionic radius: 0.59 Å (+6)
Covalent radius: 1.30 Å
Atomic volume: 9.4 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 10.2 g/cm³
Crystal structure: cubic body centered
cubic body centered

Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
91Mo 0 91 9/2 15.5m β+, EC View
92Mo 14.84 91.9068 0 -- --
93Mo 0 92.9062 5/2 ~3.5E3y EC View
94Mo 9.25 93.9051 0 -- --
95Mo 15.92 94.9058 5/2 -- --
96Mo 16.68 95.9047 0 -- --
97Mo 9.55 96.906 5/2 -- --
98Mo 24.13 97.9054 0 -- --
99Mo 0 99 1 2.7476d β-, β- View
100Mo 9.63 97.9075 0 -- --
101Mo 0 101 1/2 14.6m β- View

Other info

Name origin:Greek: molybdos (lead)
Description:Hard, silvery-white metal.
Discovered by:Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Year:1778
Place:Sweden
Sources:Found in the minerals molybdenite (MoS2) and wulfenite (MoO4Pb).
Use(s):Its alloys are used in aircraft, missiles, and protective coatings in boiler plate.