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Fluorine

Non-Metalgaseous
Symbol: F
Atomic number: 9
Atomic mass: 18.9984032
Group: Halogen
CAS-number: 7782-41-4

Physical data
Isotopes
Other info
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Physical data

Electronic data

Shells: 2, 7
Orbitals: [He] 2s2 2p5
Electronegativity: 4.0, 4.1
1. Ionization potential: 17.4228 eV
2. Ionization potential: 34.97 eV
3. Ionization potential: 62.707 eV
Oxidation states: -1
Electrical conductivity: --

Thermal data

Melting point: -219.62 °C
Boiling point: -188.14 °C
Specific heat: 0.82 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 0.2552 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 3.2698 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.000279 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 0.57 Å
Ionic radius: 1.33 Å (-1)
Covalent radius: 0.72 Å
Atomic volume: 12.6 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 0.001696 g/cm³
Crystal structure: cubic
cubic

Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
18F 0 18 1 1.830h β+, EC View
19F 100 18.9984 1/2 -- --

Other info

Name origin:Latin: fluere (flow)
Description:Greenish-yellow, pungent, corrosive gas. Extremely reactive. Does not occur uncombined in nature.
Discovered by:Henri Moissan
Year:1886
Place:France
Sources:Found in the minerals fluorite (CaF2) and cryolite(Na3AlF6). Electrolysis of hydrofluoric acid (HF) or potassium acid fluoride (KHF2) is the only practical method of commercial production.
Use(s):Used in refrigerants and other fluorocarbons. Also in toothpaste as sodium fluoride (NaF) and stannous fluoride (SnF2); also in Teflon.