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Bismuth

Metalsolid
Symbol: Bi
Atomic number: 83
Atomic mass: 208.98037
Group: Metal
CAS-number: 7440-69-9

Physical data
Isotopes
Other info
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Physical data

Electronic data

Shells: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Orbitals: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Electronegativity: 1.9, 1.7
1. Ionization potential: 7.289 eV
2. Ionization potential: 16.687 eV
3. Ionization potential: 25.559 eV
Oxidation states: 5, 3
Electrical conductivity: 0.00867 10^6

Thermal data

Melting point: 271.3 °C
Boiling point: 1560 °C ±5
Specific heat: 0.12 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 11.30 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 104.80 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.0787 W/cmK

Steric data

Atomic radius: 1.63 Å
Ionic radius: 1.03 Å (+3)
Covalent radius: 1.46 Å
Atomic volume: 21.3 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 9.8 g/cm³
Crystal structure: rhombohedral
rhombohedral

Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
204Bi 0 204 6 11.2h EC View
205Bi 0 205 9/2 15.31d EC, β+ View
206Bi 0 206 6 6.243d EC, β+ View
207Bi 0 207 9/2 32.2y EC, β+ View
208Bi 0 208 5/2 3.68E05y EC View
209Bi 100 208.98 9/2 -- --
210Bi 0 210 1 5.01d β-, α View
210Bim 0 210 9 3.0E06y α View
211Bi 0 211.987 9/2 2.14m α, β- View
212Bi 0 212.997 0 1.009h β-, α View
213Bi 0 213 9/2 45.6m β-, α View
214Bi 0 214 1 19.9m β-, α View
215Bi 0 215 0 7m β- View

Other info

Name origin:German: bisemutum, (white mass), now spelled wismut.
Description:Hard, brittle, steel-gray metal with a pink tint.
Discovered by:Known to the ancients
Year:--
Place:Unknown
Sources:It can be found free in nature and in minerals like bismuthine (Bi2O3) and in bismuth ochre (Bi2O3).
Use(s):Main use is in pharmaceuticals and low melting point alloys used as fuses.